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LawpatraLawpatra
BNS, 2023
Start Practicing
BNSChapter IVSection 61
Section61

Criminal conspiracy

AI Assist

Summary

An agreement between two or more people to do an illegal act, or to do a lawful act by illegal means, is a criminal conspiracy. An agreement to commit an offence is a conspiracy by itself; other agreements become conspiracy only if one or more parties do some act to carry it out. Conspiracy to commit very serious offences (death, life, or rigorous imprisonment of two years or more) is punished like abetment where no special penalty is provided; other conspiracies carry up to six months' imprisonment, fine, or both.

Example

Ravi and Karan agree to rob a jewellery shop. They have not taken any step yet. Their agreement is still a criminal conspiracy, and, if the law does not provide a different punishment, they can be punished as if they had abetted the robbery.

Bare Act

Enacted text

(1) When two or more persons agree to do, or cause to be done,

  • (a) an illegal act; or

  • (b) an act which is not illegal by illegal means, such an agreement is designated a criminal conspiracy;

Provided that no agreement except an agreement to commit an offence shall amount to a criminal conspiracy unless some act besides the agreement is done by one or more parties to such agreement in pursuance thereof.

Explanation

It is immaterial whether the illegal act is the ultimate object of such agreement, or is merely incidental to that object.

(2) Whoever is a party to a criminal conspiracy,

  • (a) to commit an offence punishable with death, imprisonment for life or rigorous imprisonment for a term of two years or upwards, shall, where no express provision is made in this Sanhita for the punishment of such a conspiracy, be punished in the same manner as if he had abetted such offence;

  • (b) other than a criminal conspiracy to commit an offence punishable as aforesaid shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term not exceeding six months, or with fine or with both.

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IV

Chapter IV

Of Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy And Attempt

In this chapter

  • 45Abetment of a thing
  • 46Abettor
  • 47Abetment in India of offences outside India
  • 48Abetment outside India for offence in India
  • 49Punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
  • 50Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
  • 51Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
  • 52Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
  • 53Liability of abettor for an effect caused by the act abetted different from that intended by the abettor
  • 54Abettor present when offence is committed
  • 55Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
  • 56Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
  • 57Abetting commission of offence by the public or by more than ten persons
  • 58Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
  • 59Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
  • 60Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment
  • 61Criminal conspiracy
  • 62Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
Previous · Section 60Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonmentNext · Section 62Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment