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IEA, 1872
Start Practicing
IEAChapter VISection 98
Section98

Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc

AI Assist

Summary

When written characters or words are illegible or not commonly understood, evidence may be led to explain their meaning. This applies to foreign, obsolete, technical, local or provincial expressions, abbreviations, and words used in a peculiar sense. Witnesses or experts can be called to clarify what the unclear characters or terms mean.

Example

Arjun agrees to sell to Ravi 'all my mods'. Arjun owns both finished models and the modelling tools. Because the phrase is ambiguous, evidence may be given to show whether 'mods' meant the models or the tools, and the court will decide accordingly.

Bare Act

Enacted text

Evidence may be given to show the meaning of illegible or not commonly intelligible characters, of foreign, obsolete, technical, local and provincial expressions, of abbreviations and of words used in a peculiar sense.

Illustrations

A, a sculptor, agrees to sell to B, all my mods. A has both models and modelling tools. Evidence may be given to show which he meant to sell.

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VI

Chapter VI

Of the Exclusion of Oral or Documentary Evidence

In this chapter

  • 91Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document
  • 92Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement
  • 93Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document
  • 94Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts
  • 95Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts
  • 96Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons
  • 97Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies
  • 98Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc
  • 99Who may give evidence of agreement varying term of document
  • 100Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills
Previous · Section 97Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly appliesNext · Section 99Who may give evidence of agreement varying term of document