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BSA, 2023
Start Practicing
BSAChapter IISection 23
Section23

Confession to police officer

AI Assist

Summary

A statement made to a police officer is not admissible as evidence against an accused. A confession made while a person is in police custody is also inadmissible unless it was made in the immediate presence of a Magistrate. If information from an accused in custody leads police to discover a fact, the part of that information that distinctly describes the discovered fact may be proved.

Example

Ravi is arrested and in police custody tells an officer he hid a stolen phone in a room. His confession to the officer cannot be proved against him unless it was made in the immediate presence of a Magistrate. But when the police find the phone using his information, the part of his statement that clearly describes where the phone was found may be proved.

Bare Act

Enacted text

(1) No confession made to a police officer shall be proved as against a person accused of any offence.

(2) No confession made by any person while he is in the custody of a police officer, unless it is made in the immediate presence of a Magistrate shall be proved against him:

Provided that when any fact is deposed to as discovered in consequence of information received from a person accused of any offence, in the custody of a police officer, so much of such information, whether it amounts to a confession or not, as relates distinctly to the fact discovered, may be proved.

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II

Chapter II

Relevancy of Facts

In this chapter

  • 3Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts
  • 4Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction
  • 5Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts
  • 6Motive, Preparation and previous or subsequent conduct
  • 7Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts
  • 8Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design
  • 9When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant
  • 10Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages
  • 11Facts relevant when right or custom is in question
  • 12Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling
  • 13Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional
  • 14Existence of course of business when relevant
  • 15Admission defined
  • 16Admission by party to proceeding or his agent
  • 17Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit
  • 18Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit
  • 19Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf
  • 20When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant
  • 21Admissions in civil cases when relevant
  • 22Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding
  • 23Confession to police officer
  • 24Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence
  • 25Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop
  • 26Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant
  • 27Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated
  • 28Entries in books of account when relevant
  • 29Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty
  • 30Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans
  • 31Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications
  • 32Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form
  • 33What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers
  • 34Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial
  • 35Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction
  • 36Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35
  • 37Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant
  • 38Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved
  • 39Opinions of experts
  • 40Facts bearing upon opinions of experts
  • 41Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant
  • 42Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant
  • 43Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant
  • 44Opinion on relationship, when relevant
  • 45Grounds of opinion, when relevant
  • 46In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant
  • 47In criminal cases previous good character relevant
  • 48Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases
  • 49Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply
  • 50Character as Affecting damages
Previous · Section 22Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceedingNext · Section 24Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence