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BSA, 2023
Start Practicing
BSAChapter IISection 42
Section42

Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant

AI Assist

Summary

When the court must decide whether a general custom or right exists, opinions of people who would likely know about that custom or right are relevant evidence. The phrase covers customs or rights common to a considerable class of persons. Such opinions may be used to help the court form its view on existence of the custom or right.

Example

Priya sues after villagers claim a right to draw water from a common well. The court asks who knows local practice, and testimony from village elders who would likely know is accepted as relevant evidence about the general right. The court relies on that opinion when deciding if the right exists.

Bare Act

Enacted text

When the Court has to form an opinion as to the existence of any general custom or right, the opinions, as to the existence of such custom or right, of persons who would be likely to know of its existence if it existed, are relevant.

Explanation.-The expression "general custom or right" includes customs or rights common to any considerable class of persons.

Illustration.

The right of the villagers of a particular village to use the water of a particular well is a general right within the meaning of this section.

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II

Chapter II

Relevancy of Facts

In this chapter

  • 3Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts
  • 4Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction
  • 5Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts
  • 6Motive, Preparation and previous or subsequent conduct
  • 7Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts
  • 8Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design
  • 9When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant
  • 10Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages
  • 11Facts relevant when right or custom is in question
  • 12Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling
  • 13Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional
  • 14Existence of course of business when relevant
  • 15Admission defined
  • 16Admission by party to proceeding or his agent
  • 17Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit
  • 18Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit
  • 19Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf
  • 20When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant
  • 21Admissions in civil cases when relevant
  • 22Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding
  • 23Confession to police officer
  • 24Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence
  • 25Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop
  • 26Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant
  • 27Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated
  • 28Entries in books of account when relevant
  • 29Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty
  • 30Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans
  • 31Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications
  • 32Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form
  • 33What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers
  • 34Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial
  • 35Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction
  • 36Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35
  • 37Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant
  • 38Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved
  • 39Opinions of experts
  • 40Facts bearing upon opinions of experts
  • 41Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant
  • 42Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant
  • 43Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant
  • 44Opinion on relationship, when relevant
  • 45Grounds of opinion, when relevant
  • 46In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant
  • 47In criminal cases previous good character relevant
  • 48Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases
  • 49Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply
  • 50Character as Affecting damages
Previous · Section 41Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevantNext · Section 43Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant