Voluntarily causing hurt
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Summary
An act counts as 'voluntarily causing hurt' when someone does something intending to cause hurt to another, or knowing that hurt is likely, and actual hurt results. It applies even if the exact injury was not intended, so long as harm was intended or foreseen and then occurred. The consequence is that the conduct is treated as voluntarily causing hurt for criminal liability.
Example
Ravi and Meera argue; Ravi strikes Meera intending to hurt her. Meera gets a bruise. Because Ravi intended to cause hurt (or knew his act was likely to do so) and injury occurred, his action counts as voluntarily causing hurt.
Bare Act
Enacted textWhoever does any act with the intention of thereby causing hurt to any person, or with the knowledge that he is likely thereby to cause hurt to any person, and does thereby cause hurt to any person, is said “voluntarily to cause hurt”.
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