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IEA, 1872
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IEAChapter VSection 90A
Section90A

Presumption as to electronic records five years old

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Summary

If an electronic record is over five years old and is produced from custody the Court considers proper, the Court may presume the digital signature on it was affixed by the named person or someone authorised by them. Records are in proper custody when they are kept where and under the care of the person who naturally keeps them. Custody is not improper if a legitimate origin is proved or is likely.

Example

Priya kept invoice PDFs signed with her supplier's digital signature on the shop computer for six years. A buyer disputes the invoices in Court. If the Court finds the files came from the shop computer where Priya normally kept them, it may presume the supplier or someone authorised by the supplier affixed the digital signature.

Bare Act

Enacted text

Where any electronic record, purporting or proved to be five years old, is produced from any custody which the Court in the particular case considers proper, the Court may presume that the digital signature which purports to be the digital signature of any particular person was so affixed by him or any person authorised by him in this behalf.

Explanations

Electronic records are said to be in proper custody if they are in the place in which, and under the care of the person with whom, they naturally be; but no custody is improper if it is proved to have had a legitimate origin, or the circumstances of the particular case are such as to render such an origin probable.

This explanation applies also to section 81A.

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V

Chapter V

Of Documentary Evidence

In this chapter

  • 61Proof of contents of documents
  • 62Primary evidence
  • 63Secondary evidence
  • 64Proof of documents by primary evidence
  • 65Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given
  • 65ASpecial provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record
  • 65BAdmissibility of electronic records
  • 66Rules as to notice to produce
  • 67Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced
  • 67AProof as to digital signature
  • 68Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested
  • 69Proof where no attesting witness found
  • 70Admission of execution by party to attested document
  • 71Proof when attesting witness denies the execution
  • 72Proof of document not required by law to be attested
  • 73Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved
  • 73AProof as to verification of digital signature
  • 74Public documents
  • 75Private documents
  • 76Certified copies of public documents
  • 77Proof of documents by production of certified copies
  • 78Proof of other official documents
  • 79Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies
  • 80Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence
  • 81Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, private Acts of Parliament and other documents
  • 81APresumption as to Gazettes in electronic forms
  • 82Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature
  • 83Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government
  • 84Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions
  • 85Presumption as to power-of-attorney
  • 85APresumption as to electronic agreements
  • 87Presumption as to books, maps and charts
  • 88Presumption as to telegraphic messages
  • 88APresumption as to electronic messages
  • 89Presumption as to due execution, etc. of documents not produced
  • 90Presumption as to documents thirty years old
  • 90APresumption as to electronic records five years old
Previous · Section 90Presumption as to documents thirty years oldNext · Section 91Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document