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BNSS, 2023
Start Practicing
BNSSChapter XIIISection 173
Section173

Information in cognizable cases

AI Assist

Summary

Information about any cognizable offence may be given orally or by electronic communication to the officer in charge: oral reports must be written down, read back and signed, electronic reports must be signed within three days and entered in the station book. For certain offences against women the complaint must be recorded by a woman officer; if the complainant is disabled the recording may be at her chosen place with an interpreter, videographed and promptly recorded by a magistrate. A copy of the information must be given free. For offences punishable between three and seven years the SHO may, with prior permission of a Deputy Superintendent of Police, conduct a 14-day preliminary enquiry to decide if there is a prima facie case or proceed to investigation. If an officer refuses to record the information, the informant can send the substance by post to the Superintendent of Police who can order an investigation, or the informant may apply to the magistrate.

Example

Priya goes to her local police station and reports a cognizable offence orally. The officer writes it down, reads it back and Priya signs; she receives a free copy. Because the offence is punishable for five years, the officer gets DSP permission and conducts a 14-day preliminary enquiry to see if there is a prima facie case.

Bare Act

Enacted text

(1) Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, irrespective of the area where the offence is committed, may be given orally or by electronic communication to an officer in charge of a police station, and if given-

(i) orally, it shall be reduced to writing by him or under his direction, and be read over to the informant; and every such information, whether given in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be signed by the person giving it;

(ii) by electronic communication, it shall be taken on record by him on being signed within three days by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may by rules prescribe in this behalf:

Provided that if the information is given by the woman against whom an offence under section 64, section 65, section 66, section 67, section 68, section 69, section 70, section 71, section 74, section 75, section 76, section 77, section 78, section 79 or section 124 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 is alleged to have been committed or attempted, then such information shall be recorded, by a woman police officer or any woman officer:

Provided further that-

  • (a) in the event that the person against whom an offence under section 64, section 65, section 66, section 67, section 68, section 69, section 70, section 71, section 74, section 75, section 76, section 77, section 78, section 79 or section 124 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 is alleged to have been committed or attempted, is temporarily or permanently mentally or physically disabled, then such information shall be recorded by a police officer, at the residence of the person seeking to report such offence or at a convenient place of such person's choice, in the presence of an interpreter or a special educator, as the case may be;

  • (b) the recording of such information shall be videographed;

  • (c) the police officer shall get the statement of the person recorded by a Magistrate under clause (a) of sub-section (6) of section 183 as soon as possible.

(2) A copy of the information as recorded under sub-section (1) shall be given forthwith, free of cost, to the informant or the victim.

(3) Without prejudice to the provisions contained in section 175, on receipt of information relating to the commission of any cognizable offence, which is made punishable for three years or more but less than seven years, the officer in charge of the police station may with the prior permission from an officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police, considering the nature and gravity of the offence,-

(i) proceed to conduct preliminary enquiry to ascertain whether there exists a prima facie case for proceeding in the matter within a period of fourteen days; or

(ii) proceed with investigation when there exists a prima facie case.

(4) Any person aggrieved by a refusal on the part of an officer in charge of a police station to record the information referred to in sub-section (1), may send the substance of such information, in writing and by post, to the Superintendent of Police concerned who, if satisfied that such information discloses the commission of a cognizable offence, shall either investigate the case himself or direct an investigation to be made by any police officer subordinate to him, in the manner provided by this Sanhita, and such officer shall have all the powers of an officer in charge of the police station in relation to that offence failing which such aggrieved person may make an application to the Magistrate.

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XIII

Chapter XIII

Information to The Police and Their Powers to Investigate

In this chapter

  • 173Information in cognizable cases
  • 174Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation of such cases
  • 175Police officer's power to investigate cognizable case
  • 176Procedure for investigation
  • 177Report how submitted
  • 178Power to hold investigation or preliminary inquiry
  • 179Police officer's power to require attendance of witnesses
  • 180Examination of witnesses by police
  • 181Statements to police and use thereof
  • 182No inducement to be offered
  • 183Recording of confessions and statements
  • 184Medical Examination of victim of rape
  • 185Search by police officer
  • 186When officer in charge of police station may require another to issue search-warrant
  • 187Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in twenty-four hours
  • 188Report of investigation by subordinate police officer
  • 189Release of accused when evidence deficient
  • 190Cases to be sent to Magistrate, when evidence is sufficient
  • 191Complainant and witnesses not to be required to accompany police officer and not to be subject to restraint
  • 192Diary of proceedings in investigation
  • 193Report of police officer on completion of investigation
  • 194Police to enquire and report on suicide, etc
  • 195Power to summon persons
  • 196Inquiry by Magistrate into cause of death
Previous · Section 172Persons bound to conform to lawful directions of policeNext · Section 174Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation of such cases