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BNSS, 2023
Start Practicing
BNSSChapter XIIISection 196
Section196

Inquiry by Magistrate into cause of death

AI Assist

Summary

When a death or disappearance is suspicious or falls in certain categories, the Magistrate empowered to hold inquests must, and in some other cases may, hold a judicial inquiry into the cause of death instead of or alongside the police investigation. The Magistrate has the powers of a criminal inquiry, can record evidence, order disinterment for examination, and should inform and allow known relatives to be present. If a death or an alleged rape happens in custody, the Magistrate must inquire and the body should be sent to the Civil Surgeon for examination within 24 hours unless impossibility is recorded.

Example

Priya dies while in police custody after being arrested. The local Magistrate must hold an inquiry into the cause of her death, allow her known relatives to be present, order a post-mortem (and even exhumation if needed), and ensure the body is sent to the Civil Surgeon for examination within 24 hours unless it is impossible for recorded reasons.

Bare Act

Enacted text

(1) When the case is of the nature referred to in clause (i) or clause (ii) of sub-section (3) of section 194, the nearest Magistrate empowered to hold inquests shall, and in any other case mentioned in sub-section (1) of section 194, any Magistrate so empowered may hold an inquiry into the cause of death either instead of, or in addition to, the investigation held by the police officer; and if he does so, he shall have all the powers in conducting it which he would have in holding an inquiry into an offence.

(2) Where,-

  • (a) any person dies or disappears; or

  • (b) rape is alleged to have been committed on any woman, while such person or woman is in the custody of the police or in any other custody authorised by the Magistrate or the Court, under this Sanhita in addition to the inquiry or investigation held by the police, an inquiry shall be held by the Magistrate within whose local jurisdiction the offence has been committed.

(3) The Magistrate holding such an inquiry shall record the evidence taken by him in connection therewith in any manner hereinafter specified according to the circumstances of the case.

(4) Whenever such Magistrate considers it expedient to make an examination of the dead body of any person who has been already interred, in order to discover the cause of his death, the Magistrate may cause the body to be disinterred and examined.

(5) Where an inquiry is to be held under this section, the Magistrate shall, wherever practicable, inform the relatives of the deceased whose names and addresses are known, and shall allow them to remain present at the inquiry.

(6) The Magistrate or the Executive Magistrate or the police officer holding an inquiry or investigation under sub-section (2) shall, within twenty-four hours of the death of a person, forward the body with a view to its being examined to the nearest Civil Surgeon or other qualified medical person appointed in this behalf by the State Government, unless it is not possible to do so for reasons to be recorded in writing.

Explanation.-In this section, the expression "relative" means parents, children, brothers, sisters and spouse.

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XIII

Chapter XIII

Information to The Police and Their Powers to Investigate

In this chapter

  • 173Information in cognizable cases
  • 174Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation of such cases
  • 175Police officer's power to investigate cognizable case
  • 176Procedure for investigation
  • 177Report how submitted
  • 178Power to hold investigation or preliminary inquiry
  • 179Police officer's power to require attendance of witnesses
  • 180Examination of witnesses by police
  • 181Statements to police and use thereof
  • 182No inducement to be offered
  • 183Recording of confessions and statements
  • 184Medical Examination of victim of rape
  • 185Search by police officer
  • 186When officer in charge of police station may require another to issue search-warrant
  • 187Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in twenty-four hours
  • 188Report of investigation by subordinate police officer
  • 189Release of accused when evidence deficient
  • 190Cases to be sent to Magistrate, when evidence is sufficient
  • 191Complainant and witnesses not to be required to accompany police officer and not to be subject to restraint
  • 192Diary of proceedings in investigation
  • 193Report of police officer on completion of investigation
  • 194Police to enquire and report on suicide, etc
  • 195Power to summon persons
  • 196Inquiry by Magistrate into cause of death
Previous · Section 195Power to summon personsNext · Section 197Ordinary place of inquiry and trial