LawpatraLawpatra.ai

Lawpatra is an AI-powered legal education platform designed to help aspirants crack premier law entrance and judiciary examinations. With adaptive mock tests, precision analytics, and 24/7 personalized AI tutoring, we provide a comprehensive ecosystem for your entire legal career journey.

Test series on the goGoogle Play

Explore

  • Prepare for our exams
  • Bare Acts
  • Blog
  • Download resources

Company

  • About
  • Careers
  • Contact us

Legal

  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Account deletion

Product

  • AI Tutor
  • Features
  • How it works

Law Entrances

  • CLAT
  • CLAT PG
  • AILET
  • SLAT
  • MH CET Law

Judiciary

  • MPSC Civil Judge
  • Chhattisgarh Judiciary
  • OPSC Civil Judge
  • Gujarat Judiciary
  • Delhi Judicial Services
  • UP PCS-J
  • Rajasthan Judiciary Service

APO/ADPO

  • Bihar APO
  • Delhi APP
  • Haryana ADA
  • Madhya Pradesh ADPO
  • Rajasthan APO
  • Uttar Pradesh APO
  • Uttarakhand APO

Bare Acts

  • BNS
  • BNSS
  • BSA
  • IPC
  • CrPC
  • IEA
  • HMA
  • IDA
  • MVA

© 2026 Blingwork Technologies Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Offices: Hyderabad & Jodhpur

LawpatraLawpatra
BSA, 2023
Start Practicing
BSAChapter VSection 81
Section81

Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record

AI Assist

Summary

The court will presume genuine any electronic or digital record presented as the Official Gazette, or as a record law requires someone to keep, if it is kept substantially in the form the law requires and is produced from proper custody. Proper custody means it is kept where and by the person who must keep it; custody is not improper if a legitimate origin is shown or the facts make that origin probable.

Example

Rohan, a shopkeeper, keeps his trade licence and tax records in a digital file on his shop computer because the law requires him to. When he produces that electronic record in court, kept in the required form and coming from his custody, the court will presume it is genuine unless someone proves it came from an improper source.

Bare Act

Enacted text

The Court shall presume the genuineness of every electronic or digital record purporting to be the Official Gazette, or purporting to be electronic or digital record directed by any law to be kept by any person, if such electronic or digital record is kept substantially in the form required by law and is produced from proper custody.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this section and section 93 electronic records are said to be in proper custody if they are in the place in which, and looked after by the person with whom such document is required to be kept; but no custody is improper if it is proved to have had a legitimate origin, or the circumstances of the particular case are such as to render that origin probable.

Keep going
Newsletter

Join the top 1% of law aspirants

Get weekly high-yield legal updates, landmark judgment breakdowns, and smart prep strategies sent straight to your inbox.

We never share your email.

Previous year papers

Pick your exam. we'll email the most recent paper.

Download previous year papers

For

We'll never share your email. Promise.

V

Chapter V

Of Documentary Evidence

In this chapter

  • 56Proof of contents of documents
  • 57Primary Evidence
  • 58Secondary Evidence
  • 59Proof of documents by primary evidence
  • 60Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given
  • 61Electronic or digital record
  • 62Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record
  • 63Admissibility of electronic records
  • 64Rules as to notice to produce
  • 65Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced
  • 66Proof as to Electronic signature
  • 67Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested
  • 68Proof where no attesting witness found
  • 69Admission of execution by party to attested document
  • 70Proof when Attesting witness denies execution
  • 71Proof of document not required by law to be attested
  • 72Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved
  • 73Proof as to verification of digital signature
  • 74Public and private documents
  • 75Certified copies of public documents
  • 76Proof of documents by production of certified copies
  • 77Proof of other official documents
  • 78Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies
  • 79Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc
  • 80Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documents
  • 81Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record
  • 82Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government
  • 83Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions
  • 84Presumption as to powersof-attorney
  • 85Presumption as to electronic agreements
  • 86Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures
  • 87Presumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates
  • 88Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records
  • 89Presumption as to books, maps and charts
  • 90Presumption as to electronic messages
  • 91Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced
  • 92Presumption as to documents thirty years old
  • 93Presumption as to electronic records five years old
Previous · Section 80Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documentsNext · Section 82Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government